1. Why has a layered network model been developed? ================================================== -A: Stabilizes development times and reduces number of proprietary hardware schemes. -B: Takes a holistic approach to networking and encourages comprehensive engineering solutions. +C: Accelerates evolution, ensures interoperable technology and facilitates modular engineering. -D: Increases complexity and flexibility to deal with multiple sources of hardware. 2. Which best describes the function of the Physical Layer? =========================================================== -A: Provides network services to user applications. -B: Establishes, maintains, and manages sessions between applications. -C: Uses a MAC address to provide transmission across media and handles error notification, network topology, and flow control. +D: Provides electrical, mechanical, procedural and functional means for activating and maintaining links between systems. 3. Which Layer of the OSI model provides data representation and code formatting? ================================================================================= -A: Application Layer +B: Presentation Layer -C: Session Layer -D: Transport Layer 4. What correctly describes the five conversion steps of data encapsulation? ============================================================================ +A: Data-segments-packets-frames-bits -B: Data-packets-segments-frames-bits -C: Data-frames-segments-packets-bits -D: Data-segments-frames-packets-bits 5. Which best describes the structure of a MAC address? ======================================================= -A: 16 bit network code plus 16 bit serial number -B: 16 bit vendor code plus 16 bit serial number +C: 24 bit vendor code plus 24 bit serial number -D: 24 bit network identity plus 24 bit host identity 6. What happens if host A broadcasts an ARP request looking for the MAC address of host B which is located on the same network as host A? ========================================================================================================================================= -A: The name server looks at the request and replies with the MAC address of host B. -B: All devices look at the request and any device will reply with the IP address of host B. +C: All devices look at the request and ONLY host B will reply with the MAC address. -D: The nearest router looks at the request and replies with the MAC address of host B or forwards the request to another router. 7. Host A and host Z are on different subnets. If an ARP request is sent from host A in search of host Z's MAC address, what will happen? ========================================================================================================================================= -A: There will be no response. -B: The router will respond with the MAC address of host Z. +C: The router will respond with it's own MAC address. -D: The router will forward the request to the correct subnet so host Z can respond. 8. Which network device provides internetworking and broadcast control? ======================================================================= -A: Hub -B: Bridge -C: Ethernet switch +D: Router 9. Which network device offers full-duplex, dedicated bandwidth to segments or desktops? ======================================================================================== -A: Hub -B: Bridge +C: Ethernet switch -D: Router 10. What are the most common LAN technologies used in networking today? ======================================================================= -A: Ethernet, token ring, DecNET +B: Ethernet, token ring, FDDI -C: Ethernet, DecNET, FDDI -D: Ethernet, token ring, ARCnet 11. What is the data-link destination address of a broadcast message? ===================================================================== -A: 111.111.111.111 -B: 255.255.255.255 -C: AAAA.AAAA.AAAA +D: FFFF.FFFF.FFFF 12. Which of the following is true about a CSMA/CD network? =========================================================== -A: Signals are always sent in multi-frame broadcast mode. -B: One node's transmission goes to the nearest router that sends it directly to the destination. -C: Signals are sent directly to the destination if both the MAC and IP addresses are known by the source. +D: One node's transmission traverses the entire network and is seen and checked by every node. 13. What happens after a collision has occurred on a network after the jam signal is sent? ========================================================================================== -A: The router clears the route and notifies the source to resend +B: All stations stop sending frames for a randomly selected time period -C: A keepalive signal is generated to hold the message until the route clears -D: The source station waits for the collision to dissipate and then broadcasts an all clear 14. Where is the Layer 2 address found on a workstation? ======================================================== -A: In the routing table +B: On the network interface card -C: In the name server table -D: It is located on the DHCP server 15. If a Class B network is subnetted with a mask of 255.255.240.0, how many useable subnets are created? ========================================================================================================= -A: 2 -B: 6 +C: 14 -D: 30 16. During data transmission, which technique does TCP use in conjunction with windowing to guarantee that a stream of data sent from one device will be delivered to another device without duplication or data loss? ====================================================================================================================================================================================================================== -A: Recovery and flow control -B: Encapsulation and broadcasting +C: Acknowledgement and retransmission -D: Synchronization and acknowledgement 17. What best describes the functions of the Application Layer? =============================================================== -A: Establishes, manages, and terminates applications +B: Supports communicating components of applications such as e-mail -C: Defines end-to-end delivery of packets -D: Translates between different data formats such as ASCII and EBCDIC 18. Which Layer of the OSI model handles data encryption? ========================================================= -A: Application +B: Presentation -C: Session -D: Transport 19. Network File System (NFS), SQL, and X Window System all operate at which Layer of the OSI Model? ==================================================================================================== -A: Application -B: Presentation +C: Session -D: Transport 20. Which technique controls the amount of unacknowledged data in transit at any one time and helps enable TCP reliability? =========================================================================================================================== +A: Windowing -B: Broadcasting -C: Error recovery -D: Collision avoidance 21. Which service does a WAN provide to LANs? ============================================= -A: Direct routing with error checking -B: IP addressing and secure data transfer -C: High speed multiple access to data networks +D: Exchange of data packets between routers and the LANs they support 22. Which layers of the OSI model do WAN standards describe? ============================================================ -A: Data link and network -B: Network and transport -C: Physical and application +D: Physical and data link 23. Which is an example of a data circuit terminating equipment (DCE)? ====================================================================== +A: Modem -B: Computer -C: Router -D: Multiplexer 24. What do the WAN Physical Layer standards describe? ====================================================== -A: Interface between SDLC and HDLC +B: Interface between DTE and DCE -C: How frames are sent and verified -D: How voice and data traffic are routed 25. Which WAN protocol supports point-to-point and multipoint configurations? ============================================================================= +A: HDLC -B: CHAP -C: PPP -D: ISDN 26. What best describes Frame Relay? ==================================== +A: Uses high quality digital facilities with no error correction -B: Digital service that transmits voice and data over existing telephone lines -C: Provides router-to-router and host-to-network connections over synchronous and asynchronous circuits -D: Supports point-to-point and multipoint configurations over high speed analog circuits 27. Which memory component of a router loses its content when the router is turned off? ======================================================================================= +A: RAM -B: ROM -C: FLASH -D: NVRAM 28. Routers make forwarding decisions based on which kind of address? ===================================================================== +A: logical -B: layer 2 -C: physical -D: hardware 29. Which packet-switched service is more efficent than X.25? ============================================================= +A: Frame Relay -B: Digitial Subscriber Line -C: Asynchronous Transfer Mode -D: Switched Multimegabit Data Service 30. When working with Cisco IOS, at which level of access are users able to view router status but are unable to change router configuration? ============================================================================================================================================= +A: User mode -B: Enable mode -C: Privileged mode -D: Global configuration mode 31. What can only be done in privileged mode on Cisco routers? ============================================================== -A: Enter Commands -B: Check routing tables -C: Monitor performance +D: Change the configuration 32. What is the default user-mode prompt for a Cisco router? ============================================================ -A: # -B: Router# +C: Router -D: Router% 33. What do you press to view the next screen if --More-- is indicated at the bottom of the current screen on a Cisco router user interface? ============================================================================================================================================ -A: The end key -B: The tab key +C: The spacebar -D: The page down key 34. Which Cisco IOS command is used to enter privileged mode? ============================================================= -A: admin -B: root +C: enable -D: privileged 35. Which keystroke will recall the previous command entry on a Cisco router user interface? ============================================================================================ -A: Left arrow -B: Right arrow -C: Down arrow +D: Up arrow 36. If you are unsure of the options (subcommands) for a command, which keystroke(s) should you try on the user interface of a Cisco router? ============================================================================================================================================ -A: Help +B: ? -C: CTRL-H -D: CTRL-P 37. What is the meaning of a caret symbol (^) after entering a command on a Cisco router? ========================================================================================= -A: It indicates that you are in help mode -B: It indicates that you are in privileged mode +C: It indicates the location of an error in a command string -D: It indicates that more information must be entered to complete the command 38. What do WAN Data link protocols describe? ============================================= -A: The electrical, mechanical, operational, and functional connections -B: The process used for error detection +C: How frames are carried between systems -D: How applications are started and stopped 39. Which of the following WAN technologies is a Circuit-Switched Service? ========================================================================== -A: Asynchronous Transfer Mode +B: Narrowband ISDN -C: Frame Relay -D: Switched Multimegabit Data Service 40. Which of the following WAN technologies is a Cell-Switched Service? ======================================================================= -A: Frame Relay -B: ISDN +C: Asynchronous Transfer Mode -D: POTS 41. Which of the following are stored in NVRAM? =============================================== -A: Routing Tables +B: Configuration Files -C: IOS Image -D: Power on diagnostics 42. Which protocol does a WAN use to make path determination decisions? ======================================================================= -A: RIP -B: IGRP +C: IP -D: OSPF 43. In which Layer of the OSI Model do WAN routers operate? =========================================================== -A: Transport Layer +B: Network Layer -C: Data Link Layer -D: Physical Layer 44. Which character is used to enter the help mode? =================================================== -A: ! +B: ? -C: * -D: % 45. What is the prompt of a Cisco router in the priviledged mode? ================================================================= -A: Router +B: Router# -C: Router(config-if)# -D: Router(config-router)# 46. Which port is used to initially configure a router? ======================================================= -A: Auxiliary +B: Console -C: Serial -D: BRI 47. Someone got into a router configuration file and changed the password to access privileged mode. Which mode on the router enables you to recover passwords? =============================================================================================================================================================== -A: SETUP +B: RXBOOT -C: Privileged EXEC -D: Global configuration 48. Which router component provides working memory for configuration files and routing tables? ============================================================================================== +A: RAM -B: ROM -C: Flash -D: NVRAM 49. Which router component stores configuration files even when power is off? ============================================================================= -A: RAM -B: ROM -C: Flash +D: NVRAM 50. Which router component is responsible for the power-on bootstrap sequence? ============================================================================== -A: RAM +B: ROM -C: Flash -D: NVRAM 51. Which Cisco IOS command shows the configuration file stored in NVRAM? ========================================================================= -A: show version -B: show running-config +C: show startup-config -D: show interfaces 52. Which command shows the status of Ethernet, Serial, BRI, and other ports? ============================================================================= -A: show version +B: show interfaces -C: show running-config -D: show startup-config 53. The show interface serial Cisco IOS router command can display which one of the following lines of information? =================================================================================================================== -A: DecNET routing is enabled. -B: System image file is c4500-j-mz. +C: Serial1 is up, line protocol is up. -D: IOS (tm) 4500 Software (C4500-J-M), Experimental Version. 54. Which command will indicate the status of IP, IPX, and AppleTalk? ===================================================================== -A: show version -B: show interfaces -C: show startup-config +D: show protocols 55. In which OSI Layer does the Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) operate? ======================================================================= -A: Layer 1 +B: Layer 2 -C: Layer 3 -D: Layer 4 56. Which Cisco IOS command displays routing table entries? =========================================================== -A: ping -B: trace +C: show ip route -D: show interface 57. Which response to the appropriate show command indicates an operational serial link? ======================================================================================== +A: Serial1 is up, line protocol is up -B: Serial1 is up, line protocol is down -C: Serial1 is down, line protocol is down -D: Serial1 is administratively down, line protocol is down 58. Which external configuration source is used with a modem? ============================================================= -A: TFTP Server +B: Auxiliary Port -C: Console Terminal -D: Virtual Terminal 59. What is the first thing the router does when power is turned on? ==================================================================== -A: Copies the IOS into RAM +B: Executes a bootstrap program -C: Configures the interfaces for IP routing -D: Loads the Startup-Configurations file into RAM 60. When is the configuration file loaded into RAM? =================================================== +A: Each time the router is initialized -B: Each time the routing tables are updated -C: Each time the command copy run start is issued -D: Each time the router is place in the priviliged EXEC mode 61. What is the correct command to go from the user EXEC mode to the privileged EXEC mode? ========================================================================================== -A: login +B: enable -C: interface type number -D: configure terminal 62. What is the router prompt for the interface configuration mode? =================================================================== -A: Router(config)# +B: Router(config-if)# -C: Router(config-line)# -D: Router(config-router)# 63. Which Cisco IOS command shows the amount of NVRAM memory used for the backup configuration file? ==================================================================================================== -A: show mem -B: show flash -C: show running-config +D: show startup-config 64. Which command displays information about the current Cisco IOS software version running on a router? ======================================================================================================== -A: show stacks +B: show version -C: show interface -D: show startup-config 65. Which protocol is used to show summary configuration information about a directly connected Cisco router? ============================================================================================================= -A: Network Control Protocol +B: Cisco Discovery Protocol -C: Address Resolution Protocol -D: Transmission Control Protocol 66. How many Telnet sessions can a Cisco router have simultaneously? ==================================================================== -A: 10 -B: 7 +C: 5 -D: 1 67. Which Cisco IOS command is used to show current telnet connections? ======================================================================= -A: show telnet -B: show history -C: show version +D: show sessions 68. You have connected a new LAN and made appropriate changes to your Cisco router configuration. What command do you issue to save the new version of the configuration file to NVRAM? ======================================================================================================================================================================================= -A: copy config startup-config +B: copy running-config startup-config -C: configure memory -D: copy running-config nvram 69. You want to create a message to let people know a little something about the network or router when they log on - what command enables you to do this? ========================================================================================================================================================== -A: banner msg +B: banner motd -C: daily msg -D: daily motd 70. What is an important function of the power-up self test (POST)? =================================================================== -A: Causes other instructions to be loaded into memory +B: Executes diagnostics that verify the basic operation of router hardware -C: Determines the router hardware and software components and lists them on the console terminal -D: Starts routing processes, supplies addresses for interfaces, and sets up media characteristics 71. Which of the following is the correct order in which a router boots and looks for files? 1. Bootstrap from ROM 2. Config from NVRAM 3. Config from setup 4. Config from tftp 5. IOS from flash 6. IOS from ROM 7. IOS from tftp =================================================================================================================================================================================================================================== -A: 5,7,6,1,2,4,3 -B: 1,5,7,6,3,2,4 -C: 1,2,5,4,3,7,6 +D: 1,5,7,6,2,4,3 72. What is an important result of the configuration file loading onto a router? ================================================================================ -A: Causes other instructions to be loaded into memory -B: Executes diagnostics that verify the basic operation of router hardware -C: Determines the router hardware and software components and lists them on the console terminal +D: Starts routing processes, supplies addresses for interfaces, and sets up media characteristics 73. What is the function of the erase startup-config command? ============================================================= -A: It deletes the current IOS from NVRAM -B: It deletes the configuration file in RAM +C: It deletes the configuration file in NVRAM -D: It deletes the bootstrap image from Flash memory 74. What is the function of the reload command? =============================================== +A: It reboots the router -B: It saves the new IOS to Flash memory -C: It loads a new configuration file in NVRAM -D: It loads a configuration file from a TFTP server 75. Where is the next place a router looks if it cannot find the IOS image in flash? ==================================================================================== -A: RAM -B: ROM +C: TFTP -D: NVRAM 76. What is the first global configuration parameter set when using the setup mode? =================================================================================== -A: enable password -B: routing protocol +C: host name of the router -D: interface configuration 77. Where is the configuration file saved when you complete the setup process? ============================================================================== -A: RAM -B: ROM +C: NVRAM -D: TFTP Server 78. Which keys are pressed in the escape sequence to terminate the initial configuration while in setup mode? ============================================================================================================= -A: ESC +B: CTRL-C -C: CTRL-ESC -D: CTRL-SHIFT-6 , X 79. Which command will save an active configuration? ==================================================== -A: config t -B: config memory -C: copy startup-config running-config +D: copy running-config startup-config 80. Which Cisco IOS command displays the backup configuration file stored in NVRAM? =================================================================================== -A: Router# show flash -B: Router# show nvram -C: Router# show running-config +D: Router# show startup-config 81. How does the router prompt appear when you are in global configuration mode? ================================================================================ -A: Router# -B: Router-config# +C: Router(config)# -D: Router(config-router)# 82. Once you have selected an interface to configure, which prompt would be on the screen? ========================================================================================== -A: Router(config)# -B: Router(config-in)# -C: Router(config-intf)# +D: Router(config-if)# 83. When setting passwords for vty 0 4, what are you setting a password for? ============================================================================ -A: Modem connections -B: Line consoles +C: Telnet sessions -D: Remote host router 84. Which password is encrypted in the configuration file by default? ===================================================================== -A: Console -B: Enable +C: Enable secret -D: Virtual terminal 85. Which command is used to backup the active configuration file from a router to a network server? ==================================================================================================== -A: copy tftp startup-config +B: copy running-config tftp -C: copy tftp flash -D: copy NVRAM tftp 86. While in setup mode on a Cisco router, what is used to display default settings for configuration purposes? =============================================================================================================== -A: pound signs - example #yes# -B: parentheses - example (yes) -C: percent signs - example %yes% +D: square brackets - example [yes] 87. Which of the following correctly describes a method for specifying how a router loads the Cisco IOS software? ================================================================================================================= +A: Designate fallback sources for the router to use in sequence from NVRAM. -B: Configure the Cisco IOS software image for the location where it will bootstrap. -C: Manually boot a default system image at a virtual terminal. -D: Manually boot a default system image at the network server. 88. Which command is used to discover the configuration register setting? ========================================================================= -A: show register -B: show running-config +C: show version -D: show startup-config 89. Where will the router search for the IOS software if there are no boot system commands in NVRAM? ==================================================================================================== -A: ROM -B: RAM -C: Flash +D: TFTP server 90. Where does the router search for the IOS software if the Flash is empty? ============================================================================ -A: ROM -B: RAM -C: NVRAM +D: TFTP server 91. Which configuration register mode is used to tell the router to boot from ROM monitor mode? =============================================================================================== +A: 0x---0 -B: 0x---1 -C: 0x---2 -D: 0x---3 92. Which configuration register mode is used to tell the router to boot from ROM? ================================================================================== -A: 0x---0 +B: 0x---1 -C: 0x---2 -D: 0x---3 93. Which configuration register mode is used to tell the router to boot from NVRAM? ==================================================================================== -A: 0x---0 -B: 0x---1 +C: 0x---2 -D: 0x---N 94. Which command is used to change the default configuration register setting? =============================================================================== -A: Router# register value -B: Router# config-register -C: Router(config)# register value +D: Router(config)# config-register 95. Which command can be used to check the boot field setting? ============================================================== +A: Router# show version -B: Router# show register -C: Router# show running-config -D: Router# show startup-config 96. Which command is used to tell the router to boot from flash? ================================================================ -A: Router# boot flash IOS_filename -B: Router# boot system flash IOS_filename -C: Router(config)# boot flash IOS_filename +D: Router(config)# boot system flash IOS_filename 97. Which command is used to tell the router to boot from a network server? =========================================================================== -A: Router# boot tftp IOS_filename ip address -B: Router# boot system tftp IOS_filename ip address -C: Router(config)# boot tftp IOS_filename ip address +D: Router(config)# boot system tftp IOS_filename ip address 98. Which command is used to tell the router to boot from ROM? ============================================================== -A: Router# boot system rom -B: Router# boot system rom IOS_filename +C: Router(config)# boot system rom -D: Router(config)# boot system rom IOS_filename 99. Which step should be performed before copying software between the TFTP host and Flash memory? ================================================================================================== -A: Use the show Flash command to check connectivity to the server -B: Check that you can see and write into RAM memory +C: Verify that there is sufficient room in Flash to accommodate the IOS -D: Check the configuration file name and location on the network server 100. Which of the following is NOT part of the Cisco IOS naming convention? =========================================================================== -A: Where the image runs -B: Platform on which the image runs -C: Special capabilities and feature sets +D: Amount of space the file will use when copied to NVRAM 101. In the Cisco IOS name cpa25-cg-1, what does cpa25 represent? ================================================================= -A: Where the image runs +B: Platform on which the image runs -C: Special capabilities and feature sets -D: Whether the image has been compressed 102. In the Cisco IOS name cpa25-cg-1, what does cg represent? ============================================================== -A: Where the image runs -B: Platform on which the image runs +C: Special capabilities and feature sets -D: Whether the image has been compressed 103. Which command is used to copy a system image to a network server? ====================================================================== +A: Router# copy flash tftp -B: Router# copy tftp flash -C: Router(config)# copy flash tftp -D: Router(config)# copy tftp flash 104. Which command is used to view the name of the system image file? ===================================================================== +A: Router# show flash -B: Router# show register -C: Router# show running-config -D: Router# show startup-config 105. You are upgrading the IOS on a router, which command would be used to copy the new IOS image from a network server? ======================================================================================================================== -A: Router# copy flash tftp +B: Router# copy tftp flash -C: Router# copy startup-config tftp -D: Router# copy tftp startup config 106. Which configuration register is used on a Cisco 2500 series router during password recovery? ================================================================================================= -A: 0x2100 -B: 0x2101 -C: 0x2102 +D: 0x2142 107. Which command is used to configure a routing protocol? =========================================================== -A: Router# rip network 192.11.10.0 +B: Router(config)# router rip -C: Router(config)# routing rip -D: Router(config)# routing protocol rip 108. Which of the following is provided by the show version command? ==================================================================== -A: Information about the IP addresses of the interfaces -B: Information about the routing protocol +C: Information about the system image file -D: Information about the default gateway 109. Which command can be used to check the amount of system memory available? ============================================================================== +A: Router# show flash -B: Router# show interface -C: Router# show register -D: Router# show running-config 110. Which of the following best describes TCP/IP? ================================================== -A: 7 Layer Model that enables communication among any set of interconnected networks -B: Proprietary protocol that can only be used with WANs -C: Proprietary protocol that can only be used with LANs +D: Allows communication among a variety of interconnected networks and can be used in both LANs and WANs 111. Which of the following best describes the TCP/IP protocol stack? ===================================================================== -A: Transfers information in a sequence of datagrams. +B: Enables communication among any set of interconnected networks. -C: Maps closely to the OSI reference model in the upper layers. -D: Reassembles datagrams into complete messages at the receiving location. 112. Which layer in the TCP/IP model includes file transfer, e-mail, remote login, and network management? ========================================================================================================== +A: Application -B: Transport -C: Internet -D: Network 113. Which protocol is found in the Transport Layer? ==================================================== -A: IPX -B: LLC -C: RIP +D: UDP 114. What is one way port numbers are used? =========================================== -A: Source systems generate port numbers to predict destination addresses. +B: To keep track of different conversations crossing the network at the same time. -C: Source systems use port numbers to keep session organized and to select the proper application. -D: End systems use port numbers to dynamically assign end users to a particular session, depending on their application use. 115. If Host A is setting up a three-way handshake with Host B, and Host A sends a segment with sequence number n to Host B, what is Host B going to send back to Host A as an acknowledgment? ============================================================================================================================================================================================== -A: n -B: n1 -C: n + n +D: n + 1 116. What will the source do if it is using a window size that is too large for the destination to handle and does not receive an acknowledgement from the destination? ======================================================================================================================================================================= +A: Resend the data -B: Stop sending data -C: Confirm the window size with the destination -D: Query the destination to see if the line is still up 117. What provides sequencing of segments with a forward reference acknowledgment, numbers datagrams before transmission, and reassembles the segments into a complete message? =============================================================================================================================================================================== -A: Simple UDP acknowledgment -B: Expectational acknowledgments +C: TCP sequence and acknowledgment numbers -D: Header checksums and data protocol checksums 118. What is the purpose of the protocol field? =============================================== -A: Allows dynamic generation of source protocols -B: Changes other protocols so that they can be used by IP -C: Numbers the Layer 3 protocol and makes it similar to a port number +D: Determines the Layer 4 protocol being carried within an IP datagram 119. What is the purpose of ICMPs? ================================== -A: They put the internetwork in control mode so that protocols can be set up. -B: They are messages that the network uses to monitor connection protocols. -C: They are standard binary messages that act as model internetwork protocols. +D: They are messages carried in IP datagrams used to send error and control messages. 120. What is the purpose of ICMP testing? ========================================= +A: Determines if messages reach their destination -B: Makes sure that all activity on the network is being monitored -C: Determines if the network is in privileged mode or user mode 121. What is the function of ARP? ================================= -A: It is used to map a known MAC address to an unknown IP address. -B: It is used to develop a cached Layer 4 address resource table. +C: It is used to map a known IP address to an unknown MAC address. -D: It sends a broadcast message looking for the router IP address. 122. If a device on a network does not know its Layer 3 address how can it find it? =================================================================================== -A: ARP +B: RARP -C: Sends an alert to the network administrator. -D: Broadcasts a request to the Domain Name Server (DNS) for help. 123. At which Layer of the OSI model would flow control problems exist? ======================================================================= -A: Application -B: Presentation -C: Session +D: Transport 124. How are IP addresses usually expressed? ============================================ -A: Binary code -B: 4 octet subnet mask +C: 32-bit dotted decimal -D: Transmission control protocol 125. A router received a packet with a destination address of 172.16.14.228. Assuming a subnet mask of 255.255.248.0, what is the subnet network address for the destination host? ================================================================================================================================================================================== -A: 172.16.1.0 -B: 172.16.4.0 +C: 172.16.8.0 -D: 172.16.12.0 126. What best describes the function of broadcast addresses? ============================================================= +A: Used to send a message to all nodes on a network/subnet. -B: Used to send a message to a single network destination. -C: Used to send a message to every node the router has access to. -D: Used to send a message to every router on a network in a WAN. 127. If a router has a serial interface S0, with IP address 107.85.20.2, using a subnet mask of 255.255.255.240, what is the broadcast address used for hosts on this subnet? ============================================================================================================================================================================= +A: 107.85.20.15 -B: 107.85.20.255 -C: 107.85.255.255 -D: 107.255.255.255 128. If you want to associate a name with an IP address, such as asu 129.219.2.1, what command structure would you use? ======================================================================================================================= -A: ip name asu 129.219.2.1 +B: ip host asu 129.219.2.1 -C: ip host name asu 129.219.2.1 -D: ip host address asu 129.219.2.1 129. If you want to specify one or more hosts that supply host name information, which command would you use? ============================================================================================================= -A: ip host -B: ip address +C: ip name-server -D: ip domain-lookup 130. If you want to turn off the name-to-address translation in the router, which command would you use? ======================================================================================================== -A: no ip host -B: no ip address -C: no ip name-search +D: no ip domain-lookup 131. How does the Cisco IOS software deal with name-to-address mappings? ======================================================================== -A: It does not use name-to-address mappings. -B: It takes each IP address and assigns a unique name to it. -C: It identifies the subnet mask being used at the destination site and routes data there. +D: It maintains a cache of host name-to-address mappings for use by commands. 132. In the output of show hosts , what does perm mean? ======================================================= -A: The entry has not yet expired. -B: The entry was acquired from DNS use. -C: The entry was learned from DNS and now has permanent status. +D: The entry was manually configured in a static host table. 133. Which command locates path failures from the source to destination? ======================================================================== -A: ARP -B: Ping +C: Trace -D: Telnet 134. What does the response * mean, when it comes in response to the trace command ================================================================================== -A: The network refused the trace. +B: Timed out waiting for trace reply. -C: The destination device refused the trace. -D: The source used a trace that was not supported by the network protocol. 135. Which routing protocol maintains a complex database of topology information and uses link-state advertisements (LSAs)? =========================================================================================================================== -A: RIP -B: IGRP +C: OSPF -D: EIGRP 136. How are link-state routing updates triggered? ================================================== -A: By timers +B: By topology changes -C: By protocol changes -D: By changing the NIC 137. What is one advantage of dynamic routing? ============================================== -A: Takes little network overhead and reduces network overhead traffic -B: Reduces unauthorized break-ins as security is tight +C: Adjusts automatically to topology or traffic changes -D: Requires very little bandwidth to operate efficiently 138. What is one disadvantage of static routing? ================================================ -A: Requires a name server on each network -B: Routing of data stops while routers exchange routing tables +C: The network administrator must manually update the routing table whenever a topology change occurs -D: Tends to reveal everything known about an internetwork 139. What is one disadvantage of dynamic routing? ================================================= -A: Requires lots of active network administrator management +B: Can reveal everything known about an internetwork -C: Must be reconfigured if the network is changed or stations are added -D: Cannot compensate for network failures so crashes can be a recurring problem 140. What is a network with only one path to a router called? ============================================================= -A: Static network -B: Dynamic network -C: Entity network +D: Stub network 141. Which metrics are commonly used by routers to evaluate a path? =================================================================== -A: EMI load, SDLC connections, deterioration rate +B: Bandwidth, load, reliability -C: Distance, hub count, SN ratio -D: Signal count, loss ratio, noise 142. Which metric measures the passage of a data packet through a router? ========================================================================= -A: Exchange +B: Hop -C: Transmittal -D: Signaling 143. Which best describes convergence? ====================================== -A: When messages simultaneously reach a router and a collision occurs -B: When several routers simultaneously route packets along the same path +C: When all routers in an internetwork have the same knowledge of the structure and topology of the internetwork -D: When several messages are being sent to the same destination 144. Which routers exchange information when using a distance-vector routing protocol? ====================================================================================== -A: All -B: All in network -C: All in subnetwork +D: Only neighbors 145. What do distance vector algorithms require of routers? =========================================================== -A: Default routes for major internetwork nodes in case of corrupted routing tables +B: Periodically send its routing table to its neighbors -C: Fast response times and ample memory -D: Maintain a full database of internetwork topology information 146. Which term describes the situation where packets never reach their destination but instead cycle repeatedly through the same group of network nodes? ========================================================================================================================================================= -A: Split horizon -B: End to end messaging -C: Convergence +D: Routing loop 147. How can the count to infinity problem be prevented? ======================================================== -A: By using routing loops -B: By defining a minimum hop count -C: By increasing router memory +D: By using hold-down timers 148. Which protocol is a link-state routing protocol? ===================================================== -A: EIGRP +B: OSPF -C: RIP -D: IGRP 149. Which best describes link-state algorithms? ================================================ +A: Enables each router to know the exact topology of the entire participating internetwork. -B: Requires minimal router CPU utilization. -C: Determines distance, direction and reliability to any link on the internetwork. -D: Uses little network overhead and reduces overall traffic. 150. What will happen if routers have different sets of LSAs? ============================================================= -A: A check sum procedure is initiated and faulty routing tables repaired. +B: Routes become unreachable because routers disagree about a link. -C: A comparison is forced and subsequent convergence on a single routing table occurs. -D: A broadcast message is sent with the master copy of the routing table to all routers. 151. Which protocol is a hybrid routing protocol? ================================================= +A: EIGRP -B: OSPF -C: RIP -D: IGRP 152. Which OSI Layer is responsible for path determination? =========================================================== -A: 1 -B: 2 +C: 3 -D: 4 153. Which part(s) of an IP address is used by the router for path determination? ================================================================================= +A: Network -B: Network and client -C: Network, subnetwork, and host -D: Network, subnetwork, host, and subnet mask 154. What does a router use to identify the destination network (LAN) of a packet within an internetwork? ========================================================================================================= -A: MAC address -B: Port address -C: SPX address +D: Network address 155. Which kind of route is set when the next hop is not explicitly listed in the routing table? ================================================================================================ -A: Dynamic +B: Default -C: Passive -D: Incremental 156. Information regarding routes has been received on a router through interface A. Which routing technique will prevent this information from exiting on the router through the same interface A? =================================================================================================================================================================================================== -A: Dynamic routing +B: Split horizon -C: Static routing -D: Hold down timers 157. Which type of route is used when no other routes are known to the destination? =================================================================================== -A: Static +B: Default -C: Dynamic -D: Next available 158. How often are RIP updates broadcast? ========================================= -A: Every 15 seconds +B: Every 30 seconds -C: Every 60 seconds -D: Every 90 seconds 159. Which metric is used in RIP? ================================= -A: Bandwidth -B: Delay +C: Hop count -D: Traffic load 160. At which Layer of the OSI model would you classify the loss of network connectivity due to a loose patch cable? ==================================================================================================================== -A: Layer 7 -B: Layer 5 -C: Layer 3 +D: Layer 1 161. Which routes are automatically determined by the routers? ============================================================== -A: Static routes -B: Default routes +C: Dynamic routes -D: Gateway routes 162. What is used to measure the trustworthiness of a route? ============================================================ -A: Reliability index -B: Number of hops +C: Administrative distance -D: Available bandwidth 163. What type of route is configured with the command: ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.1 ==================================================================================================== +A: Static -B: Default -C: Dynamic -D: Gateway 164. If a new LAN is added to an internetwork, which command would add the network to the routing table? ======================================================================================================== -A: Router (config) ip route 2.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 via 1.0.0.2 +B: Router (config)# ip route 2.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 1.0.0.2 -C: Router (config)# ip route 2.0.0.0 via 1.0.0.2 -D: Router (config)# ip route 2.0.0.0 1.0.0.2 using 255.0.0.0 165. What is the purpose of the ip default-network command? =========================================================== +A: It is used to establish a default route -B: It is used to save time when setting up the routing table -C: It is used to save bandwidth when sending large datagrams -D: It is used to keep routing table short and organized 166. What is the purpose of exterior routing protocols? ======================================================= -A: To transmit between nodes on a network -B: To deliver information within a single autonomous system +C: To communicate between autonomous systems -D: To set up a compatibility infrastructure between networks 167. Which task is configured globally? ======================================= -A: Addressing IP network numbers by specifying subnet values +B: Selecting a routing protocol like RIP or IGRP -C: Assigning network/subnet addresses and the appropriate subnet mask -D: Setting up a routing metric to find the best path to each network 168. Which command should identify destination network addresses and next hop pairs? ==================================================================================== -A: Router(config)# show ip protocol -B: Router# show ip table +C: Router show ip route -D: Router(config-router)# show ip table 169. Which variable is used by IGRP? ==================================== +A: Bandwidth -B: File size -C: Hop length -D: Time span 170. What is the interval of IGRP routing updates? ================================================== -A: 30 seconds -B: 60 seconds +C: 90 seconds -D: 120 seconds 171. Which command specifies the directly connected networks after an IP routing protocol has been enabled? =========================================================================================================== -A: Router(config-if) network network number -B: Router(config)# network network number +C: Router(config-router)# network network number -D: Router(config-router)# network ip address subnet mask 172. Which command should display RIP routing updates as they are sent and received? ==================================================================================== -A: Router# show ip rip -B: Router# debug ip protocols +C: Router# debug ip rip -D: Router# show ip rip update 173. Which mode is entered if a valid startup-configuration file is not found after the IOS image is loaded? ============================================================================================================ +A: Setup -B: Static -C: Dynamic -D: Automatic 174. Which type of system occurs when routers are grouped under a common administration? ======================================================================================== -A: Default +B: Autonomous -C: Static -D: Dynamic 175. At which OSI Layer would an incorrect encapsulation type on a serial interface be classified? ================================================================================================== -A: Layer 4 -B: Layer 3 +C: Layer 2 -D: Layer 1 176. At which OSI Layer would an incorrect subnet mask on an interface be classified? ===================================================================================== -A: Layer 4 +B: Layer 3 -C: Layer 2 -D: Layer 1 177. After using the router igrp command, why is it necessary to use the network subcommand? ============================================================================================ -A: It displays the contents of the network routing table -B: It allows each router to send its routing table in routing updates to all the networks -C: It displays the status and global parameters associated with a network +D: It specifies any directly connected networks to be included in routing table updates 178. From the following list, what is the correct order of data encapsulation? 1. Segments 2. Bits 3. Packets 4. Frames ======================================================================================================================== +A: 1-3-4-2 -B: 2-1-3-4 -C: 2-3-4-1 -D: 3-1-2-4 179. Which term refers to the amount of data that can be transmitted before receiving an acknowledgement? ========================================================================================================= +A: window size -B: closed connection -C: two way handshake -D: expectational acknowledgement 180. Which command can be used to check the boot field setting? =============================================================== +A: Router# show version -B: Router# show register -C: Router# show running-config -D: Router# show startup-config 181. Which port is used to initially configure a router? ======================================================== -A: Auxiliary +B: Console -C: Serial -D: BRI 182. Which type of route is used when no other routes are known to the destination? =================================================================================== -A: Static +B: Default -C: Dynamic -D: Next available 183. Which router component provides working memory for configuration files and routing tables? =============================================================================================== +A: RAM -B: ROM -C: Flash -D: NVRAM 184. Which metrics are commonly used by routers to evaluate a path? =================================================================== -A: EMI load, SDLC connections, deterioration rate +B: Bandwidth, load, reliability -C: Distance, hub count, SN ratio -D: Signal count, loss ratio, noise 185. What will happen if routers have different sets of LSAs? ============================================================= -A: A check sum procedure is initiated and faulty routing tables repaired. +B: Routes become unreachable because routers disagree about a link. -C: A comparison is forced and subsequent convergence on a single routing table occurs. -D: A broadcast message is sent with the master copy of the routing table to all routers. 186. Which command should identify destination network addresses and next hop pairs? ==================================================================================== -A: Router(config)# show ip protocol -B: Router# show ip table +C: Router show ip route -D: Router(config-router)# show ip table 187. How many bits are in the network and subnet portion of a class B network with a subnet mask of 255.255.240.0? ================================================================================================================== -A: 18 -B: 19 +C: 20 -D: 21 188. What is the purpose of the IOS enable secret command? ========================================================== -A: To allow the user to establish password protection on incoming Telnet sessions -B: To allow the user to establish password protection on the console terminal -C: To enable the user to access the User mode +D: To enable the user to enter a password that will be encrypted 189. What is the correct sequence of initialization for a router that has a configuration file? =============================================================================================== -A: Loads bootstrap, loads configuration file, loads operating system +B: Loads bootstrap, loads operating system, loads configuration file -C: Loads bootstrap, loads RAM, loads operating system -D: Loads operating system, loads configuration file, loads RAM 190. What is the result of executing the erase startup-config command? ====================================================================== -A: It deletes the active configuration file from RAM. +B: It deletes the backup configuration file in NVRAM. -C: It deletes the saved configuration file from ROM. -D: It deletes the saved configuration file from the C:\ drive. 191. Which command will display the currently running Cisco IOS on a router? ============================================================================ -A: Show ip interface -B: Show running-config -C: Show startup-config +D: Show version 192. What are the two basic functions used by a router to relay packets? ========================================================================= -A: Filtering and switching -B: Path determination and filtering +C: Path determination and switching -D: Traffic analysis and filtering 193. Which statement is correct concerning routing and routed protocols? ======================================================================== -A: A routed protocol allows the routers to communicate with other routers and maintain tables for a routing protocol. +B: A routing protocol allows routers to communicate with other routers and maintain tables for a routed protocol. -C: Routers only need to use routing protocols to work properly. -D: There is no difference between routed and routing protocols. 194. What is used to resolve known IP addresses to MAC addresses? ================================================================= +A: ARP -B: DNS -C: POP3 -D: RARP 195. Which type of routing protocol ensures that all routers share a common topological database? ================================================================================================= -A: Distance vector +B: Link state -C: RIP -D: TCP/IP 196. What is a solution to the problem of routing loops resulting from incorrect updates? ========================================================================================= -A: Count to infinity -B: Distance vector timers -C: Event-triggered updates +D: Split horizon 197. Which Windows-based protocol displays statistics and current TCP/IP network connections? ============================================================================================= +A: Netstat -B: Ping -C: Telnet -D: Tracert 198. What is exchanged to provide communication between two hosts' source and destination OSI peer layers? ========================================================================================================== -A: Packet datagrams -B: Packet data units -C: Protocol datagrams +D: Protocol data units 199. Which type of information is stored in NVRAM? ================================================== -A: Routing tables +B: Startup configuration files -C: IOS image -D: Power on diagnostics 200. Which router command allows the presentation of information during the log on process? =========================================================================================== -A: banner msg +B: banner motd -C: daily msg -D: daily motd 201. What provides sequencing of segments with a forward reference acknowledgment, numbers datagrams before transmission, and reassembles the segments into a complete message? =============================================================================================================================================================================== -A: Simple UDP acknowledgment -B: Expectational acknowledgments +C: TCP sequence and acknowledgment numbers -D: Header checksums and data protocol checksums 202. Which command is used to turn off the name-to-address translation in a router? =================================================================================== -A: no ip host -B: no ip address -C: no ip name-search +D: no ip domain-lookup 203. Which type of network would typically use a static route for external traffic? =================================================================================== -A: Fully meshed network -B: Multihomed network -C: Network with frequent topology changes +D: Stub network 204. Which item best describes the purpose of the caret (^) symbol? =================================================================== -A: In a command line to direct the user to call for help -B: In a command line to indicate where a password is missing +C: In a command line to indicate where a syntax error is located -D: In a command line to show where the comment starts 205. Which command configures a static route to network 192.17.10.0, through the interface 10.15.0.1, and with an administrative distance of 180? ================================================================================================================================================= -A: Router(config)# ip route 192.17.10.1 255.255.255.0 10.15.0.0 180 +B: Router(config)# ip route 192.17.10.0 255.255.255.0 10.15.0.1 180 -C: Router(config)# ip route 10.15.0.1 192.17.10.0 255.255.255.0 180 -D: Router(config)# ip route 192.17.10.0 255.255.255.0 10.15.0.1 ad 180 206. Which router mode displays a prompt of Router ? ==================================================== -A: Global configuration mode -B: Privileged Executive mode -C: Setup mode +D: User Executive mode 207. Which item is a commonly used metric? ========================================== -A: ARP +B: Hop Count -C: Acknowledgment Number -D: Time 208. What refers to a system used on the Internet for translating names of domains and their publicly advertised network nodes into addresses? ============================================================================================================================================== +A: DNS -B: PING -C: POP3 -D: WINIPCFG 209. Which item best describes the difference between exterior routing protocols and interior routing protocols? ================================================================================================================ -A: Exterior routing protocols are used for communications within a single autonomous system and interior routing protocols are used for communications between autonomous systems. -B: Interior routing protocols are used between neighbor routers and exterior routing protocols are used between peer routers. -C: Interior routing protocols are used by mid size companies and exterior routing protocols are used by large organizations. +D: Interior routing protocols are used for communications within a single autonomous system and exterior routing protocols are used for communications between autonomous systems. 210. When a router is using hold down timers, which update about a failed link is rejected? =========================================================================================== -A: An update from a different router with a better metric +B: An update from a different router with a poorer metric -C: An update from the same router with a better metric -D: An update from the same router with a poorer metric 211. Which listing BEST describes commands that can be used to test a network? ============================================================================== -A: Show ip route, show interfaces, debug, telnet, network test, ping -B: Show ip route, show interfaces, trace, ping, display network, debug -C: Show ip route, debug, trace, ping, telnet, show ip trace +D: Show ip route, show interfaces, debug, trace, ping, telnet 212. The command, ip name-server , directs the device to a host running what service? ===================================================================================== +A: DNS -B: FTP -C: SMTP -D: SNMP 213. Which ICMP message is generated by the ping command to test reachability? ============================================================================== -A: Address request +B: Echo request -C: Redirect request -D: Timestamp request 214. Which command displays the active configuration file of a router? ====================================================================== -A: Display startup-config -B: Display running-config +C: Show running-config -D: Show startup-config 215. Which type of entries are usually contained in a routing table? ==================================================================== -A: Broadcast addresses -B: Name server addresses +C: Network or wire addresses -D: Switch or hub addresses 216. Which set of commands enables IGRP routing for autonomous system 101 and defines routing updates to be sent and received through the interface with the IP address of 10.10.0.1? ===================================================================================================================================================================================== +A: Router(config)# router igrp 101 Router(config-router)# network 10.0.0.0 -B: Router(config)# router igrp as 101 Router(config)# network 10.0.0.0 -C: Router(config)# router igrp as 101 Router(config-router)# network 10.10.0.1 -D: Router# router igrp 101 Router(config)# network 10.10.0.0 217. When sending data to a host on a different network, which address does the source host encapsulate in the IP header? ========================================================================================================================= -A: IP address of the router -B: MAC address of the router -C: MAC address of the destination device +D: IP address of the destination host